Causes of Cataract

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide and one in four people will develop cataracts over the age of 65. Cataracts are caused by a build up of protein in the eye clouding the eye lens. Most cataracts are age related as the proteins in the eye collect and cluster on the eye lens over time.

No-one knows exactly why cataracts develop as we age but researchers are beginning to identify some of the factors that may be causes of cataracts and this may help in the prevention of cataracts in the the future.

Some studies suggest that exposure to ultraviolet light, both UVA and UVB, is linked to the development of cataracts. Other studies suggest that smoking and heavy use of alcohol also increase the risk of developing cataracts over time. Researchers also see a link between the use of some medications, including oral steroids and major tranquillisers.

There is strong evidence that medical conditions such as diabetes may be a risk factor for developing cataracts. Changes in blood glucose levels and insulin levels within the body damage eyesight.

Obesity is a factor in cataract development. Obesity causes blood sugar fluctuations and insulin resistance which cause the same problems in the eyes as diabetes.

Another cause of cataracts is earlier trauma and injury to the eye.

Related guides

• Causes of Cataract

Other guides

• NHS or private cataract surgery?
• Intraocular lenses (IOL)
• Cost of Cataract Surgery
• Cataract Removal
• Monofocal Lens and Multifocal Lens
• Cataract symptoms
• Cataract Diagnosis
• Recovery After Cataract Surgery
• Cataract Surgery Results
• Cataract Surgery Risks and Complications
• Cataract Surgery Procedure
• Types of Cataract
• Cataracts
• How to Protect Eyesight
• Cataracts and Diabetes
• Replacement Lens Surgery - Sulcoflex
• Preparation for cataract surgery

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